Multiple sclerose & Spasticiteit

Rog D.J., Nurmikko T.J., Friede T., Young C.A. (2005). Randomized, controlled trial of cannabis-based medicine in central pain in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. Sep 27;65(6):812-9. 
Cannabis/ sublingual

Neurology. 2005 Sep 27;65(6):812-9.Svendsen K.B., Jensen T.S., Bach F.W. (2004). Does the cannabinoid dronabinol reduce central pain in multiple sclerosis? Randomised double blind placebo controlled crossover trial. British Medical Journal; 329: 253 - 0
THC / oral

Wade D.T., Makela P., Robson P., House H. Bateman C. (2004). Do cannabis-based medicinal extracts have general or specific effects on symptoms in multiple sclerosis? A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study on 160 pateints. Multiple Sclerosis; Aug; 10 (4): 434-441. 
Cannabis/ oral

Vaney C., Heinzel-Gutenbrunner M., Jobin P., Tschopp F., Gattlen B., Hagen U., Schnelle M., Reif M. (2004). Efficiacy, safety and tolerability of an orally administered cannabis extract in the treatment of spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Multiple sclerosis; Aug 10 (4): 425-433. 
Cannabis/ oral

Brady C.M., DasGupta R., Dalton C., Wiseman O.J., Berkley K.J., Fowler C.J. (2004). An open-label pilot study of cannabis-based extracts for bladder dysfunction in advanced multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis; Aug. 10 (4): 425-433.?
 Cannabis & THC/ oral

Fox P., Bain P.G., Glickman S., Carroll C., Zajicek J. (2004) The effect of cannabis on tremor in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology; 62 (7): 1105-1109. 
Cannabis/ oral

Zajicek J, (2004) The Cannabinoids in MS (CAMS) study ?V final results form 12 months follow-up. Multiple Sclerosis; 10 (suppl 2): 115
Cannabis & THC/ oral

Lorenz R. (2004). On the application of cannabis in paediatrics and epileptology. Neuro Endodrinol Letters; feb-apr: 25(1-2): 40-44.
THC/ oral

Wade D.T., Robson P., House H., Makela P., Aram J. (2003) A preliminary controlled study to determine whether whole-plant cannabis extracts can improve intractable neurogenic symptoms. Clinical Rehabilition; 17: 18-26.
Cannabis/ sublingual

Page S.A., Verhoef M.J., Stebbins R.A., Metz L.M., Levy J.C. (2003). Cannabis use as described by people with multiple sclerosis. The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Aug; 30 (3): 181-182 
Cannabis

Zajicek J., Fox P., Sanders H., Wright D., Vickery J., Nunn A., Thompson A. (2003) Cannabinoids for treatment of spasticy and other symptoms related to multiple sclerosis (CAMS study): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet; 362: 1517-1527.
Cannabis & THC/ oral

Van Haaster. M.A. (2003). Kwaliteit van zorg bij medicinale cannabis. Survey onderzoek naar de ervaringen van pati뮴en met multiple sclerose. Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam.
Cannabis/ oral & inhalation

Killestein J., Hoogervorst E.L., Reif M., Kalkers N.F., Van Loenen A.C., Staats P.G., Gorter R.W., Uitdehaag B.M., Polman C.H. (2002) Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of orally administered cannabinoids in MS. Neurology; 58 (9): 1404-1407.
Cannabis & THC/ oral

Graafmans W.C. (2000) Het therapeutisch effect van cannabisgebruik bij mensen met MS. 2001.078. Leiden: TNO Preventie en Gezondheidszorg. 
Cannabis/ oraal & inhalation

Schnelle M., Grotenhermen F., Reif M., Gorter R.W. (1999) Results of a standardized survey on the medical use of cannabis products in the German-speaking area. Forschende Komplementarmedizin; Oct; 6 Suppl 3:28-36.?
Cannabis/ oral & inhalation

Zaadstra B.M., Staats P.G.M., Davidse W. (1998) Aard en omvang van cannabisgebruik bij mensen met Multiple Sclerose. 97.037. Leiden: TNO Preventie en Gezondheidszorg.
Cannabis/ oral & inhalation

Consroe P., Musty R., Rein J., Tillery W. (1997) The perceived effects of smoked cannabis on patients with multiple sclerosis. Annuls of Neurology; 38: 44-8.
Cannabis/ oral & inhalation

Brenneisen R., Egli A., Elsohly M.A., Henn V., Spiess Y. (1996) The effect of orally and rectally administered delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spasticity: a pilot study with 2 patients. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics; 34: 446-452.
THC/ oral & rectal

Martyn C.N., Illis L.S., Thom J. (1995). Nabilone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Lancet; 345: 579.
Nabilone/ oral

Kogel R.W., Johnson P.B. Chintam R., Robinson C.J., Nemchausky B.A. (1995) Treatment of spasticity in spinal cord injury with dronabinol, a tetrahydrocannabinol derivative. American Journal of Therapeutics; 2 (10): 799-805.
THC/ oral

Greenberg H.S., Werness S.A.S., Pugh J.E., Andrus R.O., Anderson D.J., Domino E.F. (1994) Short-term effects of smoking marihuana on balance in patients with multiple sclerosis and normal volunteers. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics; 55: 324-328. 
THC/ oral

Meinck H.M., Sch? P.W.A., Conrad B. (1989) Effect of cannabinoids on spasticity and ataxia in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology; 236: 120-122.
Cannabis/ inhalation

Ungerleider J.T., Andyrsiak T., Fairbanks L., Ellison G.W., Myers L.W. (1987) Δ-9-THC in the treatment of spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis. Advances in Alcohol and Substance Abuse; 7: 39-50.
THC/ oral

Hanigan W.C., Destree R., Truong X.T. (1986) The effect of Δ-9-THC on human spasticity. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics; 39: 198.
THC/ oral

Clifford D. B. (1983) Tetrahydrocannabinol for tremor in multiple sclerosis. Annuals of Neurology; 13: 669-671.
THC/ oral

Malec J., Harvey R.F., Cayner J.J. (1982) Cannabis effect on spasticity in spinal cord injury. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; 63: 116-118.
Cannabis/ inhalation

Petro D.J., Ellenberger C. (1981). Treatment of human spasticity with Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.? Journal of Clinical Pharmacology; 413s-416s. 
THC/ oral

Petro D. J. (1980). Marihuana as a therapeutic agent for muscle spasm or spasticity. Psychosomatics; 21: 81-85. 
Cannabis/ inhalation

Dunn M., Davis R. (1974). The perceived effects of marijuana on spinal cord injured males. Paraplegia; 12: 175. 
Cannabis/ oral